Ohio

• Income gap: Households earn meaningfully less than the national median, affecting retail demand, housing absorption, and tax base statewide.
• Broadly in line with U.S. norms across income, poverty, education, and age.

• Largest private-sector industry: Health Care and Social Assistance employs 869,236 workers (21.1% of the tracked sectors), at an average wage of $63,770. Every industry figure on this page is private sector; government employs a further 738,450 and is counted separately.
• Economic scale: State GDP of $923.1B (2024).
• Wage stratification: Finance and Insurance averages $112,837 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $23,952, a 4.7x spread in the same economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.

• Top specialization: Primary Metal Manufacturing concentrates at 2.69x the national norm.
• Cluster depth: 10 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, suggesting an interconnected industrial base across the state.
• Attraction whitespace: 8 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5, candidates for diversification or recruitment.

• In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 3.0x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
• Affordable rent tiers: 2 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom sizes sit below what a household on the median renter income of $42,829 can pay without cost burden (~$1,071/mo), and 42.4% of renter households are measured as cost-burdened.

• Healthy participation: 65.2% of the population aged 18+ is in the labor force, reflecting a steady, available workforce statewide.

Ohio shows emerging potential for primary metal manufacturing attraction, with a 2.69x concentration and 35,084 jobs in this sub-sector.

Cluster depth across primary metal manufacturing, plastics and rubber products manufacturing, and machinery manufacturing creates supply-chain attraction leverage, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.