ExecutivePulse
Official Federal Data

Jefferson County, Missouri

St. Louis, MO-IL · Population 229,458
10 Sources Updated September 10, 2026
$82,851 up from the baseline named below
Median Income (nominal) vs 2019
$80,734 national
3.7% up from the baseline named below
Unemployment vs 2024
4.3% national
$6.9B up from the baseline named below
GDP (nominal) real change vs 2023
24.7% up from the baseline named below
Bachelor's+ vs 2019
35.7% national

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household (nominal)
$82,851 up from 2019 vs 2019
Per Capita
$39,160 up from 2019 vs 2019
Mean Household
$98,813 up from 2019 vs 2019
Median Household (cost-of-living adjusted)
$87,120 metro RPP 95.1
Poverty Rate
9% down from 2019 vs 2019
Median Income Comparison
Jefferson County$82,851
Missouri$70,702
National$80,734
Cost-of-living adjustment uses the BEA all-items regional price parity for St. Louis, MO-IL, 95.1 against a national average of 100 (2024). BEA publishes regional price parity at state and metropolitan level only; there is no county figure, so the metro index stands in for Jefferson County and the adjusted median is an approximation. Per capita and mean household income above are nominal and carry no adjustment.

Population Profile

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B01001, B02001, B03003
65+: 16.7% (38,261 residents) 55-64: 14.5% (33,288 residents) 35-54: 26.5% (60,769 residents) 18-34: 19.8% (45,507 residents) Under 18: 22.5% (51,633 residents) 40 Median Age
CohortsShare of total population
Under 18 · 22.5%
18-34 · 19.8%
35-54 · 26.5%
55-64 · 14.5%
65+ · 16.7%
Race & Ethnicity
White89.3%
Two or More Races7.6%
Asian1%
Black or African American1%
Some Other Race0.9%
American Indian and Alaska Native0.2%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander0%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)2.6%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
92%
High School+
National: 89.6%
up from national +2.4 pts vs national
24.7%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
down from national 11.0 pts vs national
8%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
down from national 6.1 pts vs national

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
229,458
Population
121,069
Labor Force
Employed
117,199
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2025 annual
3.7% up from 2024 +0.3 pts vs 2024
Mean Commute 4 min above national avg
30.6 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
11.5%
Labor Force and Employed are ACS 5-Year survey estimates; the Unemployment Rate above comes from BLS LAUS, a separate monthly survey with its own methodology. The two won't reconcile by subtracting one from the other.
Key Takeaways
  • Income near the national median: Median household income tracks the national median, indicating a broad-based consumer market.
  • Cost of living stretches income further: Local prices run 4.9% below the national average, so the nominal median of $82,851 is worth $87,120 at national average prices. BEA publishes price parity at metro level, not county level.
  • Talent gap: Bachelor's-or-higher attainment trails the national average by 11.0 pts, relevant for advanced-services attraction strategy.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

$6.9B up from 2023 +2.7% vs 2023
Gross Domestic Product · 2024
+2.7% real (inflation-adjusted) · +5.5% nominal · 2023 to 2024
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis · level and nominal change from CAGDP2 (current dollars); real change from CAGDP9 (chained 2017 dollars), both all-industry total. The two series agree in 2017, the chain reference year, and diverge by the amount of price change since.
95.1
Cost of Living · metro · Below Avg

Top Private-Sector Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2025 Annual · Private sector only, with government shown below
Top private-sector industries by employment in Jefferson County, Missouri, with employment, share of top sectors, and average wage. Government employment is excluded and reported separately below the table.
IndustryEmploymentShare of Top 10Avg Wage
1Retail Trade
7,672 20.1%
$37,058
2Health Care and Social Assistance
7,087 18.5%
$57,030
3Accommodation and Food Services
6,449 16.9%
$22,609
4Construction
4,385 11.5%
$74,459
5Manufacturing
4,175 10.9%
$72,019
6Administrative and Support and Waste Management
2,234 5.8%
$49,410
7Other Services (except Public Administration)
2,093 5.5%
$45,637
8Wholesale Trade
1,532 4.0%
$77,777
9Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
1,527 4.0%
$69,176
10Finance and Insurance
1,105 2.9%
$73,859
Government employment · context only
8,653

Public-sector jobs are not in the table above and are not part of any share or location quotient on this page. Both are measured on the private economy only, 40,931 private jobs in 2025: every location quotient divides by that total, and the Share of Top 10 column divides by the 10 sectors listed above. Private employment is the standard basis for measuring industry concentration because government employment mostly serves the resident population rather than an outside market. Nothing on this card is expected to add up with the government figure.

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Key Takeaways
  • Largest private-sector industry: Retail Trade employs 7,672 workers (20.1% of tracked sectors), at an average wage of $37,058. Every industry figure on this page is private sector; government employs a further 8,653 and is counted separately.
  • Economic scale: Regional GDP of $6.9B (2024).
  • Wage stratification: Wholesale Trade averages $77,777 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $22,609, a 3.4x spread in the same local economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.
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Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Location Quotient Analysis

Chart source: BLS QCEW · broad NAICS supersector · private sector · Location Quotient vs. national private-sector employment share. The same supersector axes appear on every profile, so the shape can be compared across counties.
Concentrated Industries
List source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · private sector · Location Quotient vs. national private-sector employment share.
Same source and same private-sector basis as the Top Industries table above. These sit at a finer level than the chart's supersector axes, so the two sets of values are not directly comparable. The sub-sector view surfaces specialization the supersector view masks, such as Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing here.
Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing
4.65x
591
Primary Metal Manufacturing
3.48x
388
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
2.85x
917
General Merchandise Retailers
2.48x
2,464
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
2.43x
1,063
Repair and Maintenance
2.42x
1,087
Building Material and Garden Supply Retailers
2.28x
959
Specialty Trade Contractors
1.92x
3,075
Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction
1.89x
689
Telecommunications
1.87x
341
Motor Vehicle and Parts Dealers
1.71x
1,074
Machinery Manufacturing
1.70x
569
Food Services and Drinking Places
1.67x
6,261
Plastics and Rubber Products Manufacturing
1.66x
358
Waste Management and Remediation Services
1.60x
254
Health and Personal Care Retailers
1.53x
497

Cluster Depth

Source: BLS QCEW · Sub-sectors with LQ ≥ 1.5 indicate genuine cluster concentration
Concentrated Sub-Sectors
16 sub-sectors at LQ ≥ 1.5
Largest grouping among them is Accommodation & Food Services Cluster at 30.4% of the employment across all of them, which signals supply-chain fit for site selectors
11,574
Employment in the sub-sectors listed
4.65x
Peak sub-sector LQ
Sub-Sector Detail, Highest 10 By LQ
Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing
4.65x 591
Primary Metal Manufacturing
3.48x 388
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
2.85x 917
General Merchandise Retailers
2.48x 2,464
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
2.43x 1,063
Repair and Maintenance
2.42x 1,087
Building Material and Garden Supply Retailers
2.28x 959
Specialty Trade Contractors
1.92x 3,075
Heavy and Civil Engineering Construction
1.89x 689
Telecommunications
1.87x 341
+ 6 more sub-sectors at LQ ≥ 1.5, holding a further 9,013 jobs not counted in the total above. See the spider chart for the broader picture.

Attraction Opportunities

LQ < 0.5 with ≥ 50 employed, screened against local siting constraints. Source: BLS QCEW
0.12x
Food Manufacturing
66 employed
0.12x
Management of Companies and Enterprises
97 employed
0.17x
Educational Services
170 employed
0.19x
Securities, Commodity Contracts, Investments
66 employed
Screened on industrial power cost, rail-truck intermodal access, land base. Industrial electricity in Missouri costs 8.38¢/kWh against 8.62¢/kWh nationally (2025). Missouri has 5 rail-truck intermodal terminals, the nearest 27 miles from the county. Land area 656 sq mi, larger than 56% of US counties. Sources: EIA, BTS NTAD, Census Gazetteer.
Key Takeaways
  • Top specialization: Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing concentrates at 4.65x the national norm, strong concentration that anchors the local economy and supports supply-chain attraction strategy.
  • Cluster depth: 16 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, and no single source of demand accounts for more than 34% of the employment across them, the largest being resident household spending. Demand reaches this base from more than one market rather than from a single one.
  • Attraction whitespace: 4 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5 with at least 50 employed, candidates for diversification or recruitment depending on labor-market fit.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Jefferson County's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of total private-sector employment across all NAICS supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2025 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064, B25004
$237,200 up from the baseline named below
Median Home Value vs 2019
$979 up from the baseline named below
Rent/Mo vs 2019
82.2% up from the baseline named below
Owner-Occ vs 2019
6% down from the baseline named below
Vacancy vs 2019
1.1% available
for rent or sale
2.9x
Home Value to Income Ratio - Affordable
vs. ~4.1x national average

HUD Fair Market Rents

HUD publishes these by FMR area, which may cover more than one county · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026 · Affordability threshold and renter cost burden from Census ACS B25119, B25070
Studio
$955/mo
1 Bedroom
$995/mo
2 Bedroom
$1,218/mo
3 Bedroom
$1,568/mo
4 Bedroom
$1,812/mo
30% of monthly median renter household income (~$1,167/mo, from a renter median of $46,669) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Measured: 35.6% of renter households already pay 30% or more of income on rent, and 17.1% pay 50% or more.
Key Takeaways
  • Affordable market: Home value to income ratio of 2.9x is well below the ~4.1x national average; supports talent attraction and family settlement narratives.
  • High home ownership: 82.2% owner-occupied; rental supply may be tight for incoming workers.
  • Affordable rent tiers: 2 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom sizes sit below what a household on the median renter income of $46,669 can pay without cost burden (~$1,167/mo), and 35.6% of renter households are measured as cost-burdened.
Source: Census ACS housing tables + HUD Fair Market Rents.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23001, B23025, B08303, B08301
139,564 up from the baseline named below
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
Mean Commute 4 min above national avg
30.6 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
11.5%
Prime-Age Employed (25-54)
84.8%
of prime-age population
Prime-age rate numerator is civilian employed (B23001); the denominator is total population aged 25-54 (B01001), which also includes armed forces.
Labor force participation rate: 66%, the labor force as a share of the population aged 16 and over (ACS B23025) 66% Participation
of population age 16 and over (184,139)
unchanged from 2019 vs 2019

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
24.7% up from 2019 vs 2019
HS Diploma+
92% up from 2019 vs 2019
Institutions in Jefferson County
1 institution in Jefferson County reporting credentials to College Scorecard
Credentials awarded in Jefferson County
688/yr
Jefferson College 688/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
23.9%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Same cohort is 14.5% of total population, the basis used in the Demographics cohort chart.
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
36.4%
Service
14.4%
Sales & Office
21.9%
Construction / Maint.
13.4%
Production / Transport
13.9%
Bars are drawn on a 0% to 40% axis, so bar length is proportional to actual share. Labels give each group's share of 117,199 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
  • Succession risk is real: 23.9% of working-age residents are 55-64. Plan for retirements over the next decade and pair attraction strategy with talent retention.
  • Healthy participation: 66% labor force participation reflects a steady, available local workforce.
  • Talent pipeline: 1 institution in Jefferson County awards 688 credentials a year. Employers drawing from a wider labor shed should read this alongside institutions outside the county, which this page does not aggregate.
Source: ACS workforce data and College Scorecard.

AI Insights

Sample output. Pulse AI analysis draws on 10 federal data sources.

Sample AI Insight

Jefferson County shows meaningful potential for nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing attraction, with a 4.65x concentration and 591 jobs in this sub-sector. Near-term succession risk is elevated, with 23.9% of the working-age population within 10 years of retirement age.

The concentrated base spans nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing, primary metal manufacturing, and gasoline stations and fuel dealers, and no single source of demand accounts for more than 34% of the employment across them, the largest being resident household spending. Supply-chain recruitment has more than one demand base to work from.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example

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Data Sources

Updated from official federal government data.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025 annual
BLS LAUS2025 annual
BEA Regional GDP2024
BEA Regional Price Parity2024
Census CBP2023
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2024
USAspending.govFY2026
College ScorecardAY 2022-23

American Community Survey figures on this page are 2020-2024 five-year averages rather than single-year counts. A five-year estimate pools 60 months of survey responses, so each value describes the period as a whole.

Frequently Asked Questions

Key economic and demographic figures for Jefferson County, Missouri, from federal data sources.

What is the population of Jefferson County, Missouri?

229,458 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the median household income in Jefferson County, Missouri?

$82,851 in nominal dollars (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates). Adjusted for local prices using the BEA all-items regional price parity for St. Louis, MO-IL (95.1 against a national average of 100), that is $87,120 at national average prices. BEA publishes regional price parity at metro level; there is no county-level figure.

What is the unemployment rate in Jefferson County, Missouri?

3.7% (2025 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).

What is the GDP of Jefferson County, Missouri?

$6.9B (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP2).