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Official Federal Data

Buchanan County, Missouri

St. Joseph, MO-KS · Population 83,568
10 Sources Updated September 10, 2026
$62,158 up from the baseline named below
Median Income (nominal) vs 2019
$80,734 national
4.2% up from the baseline named below
Unemployment vs 2024
4.3% national
$6.7B up from the baseline named below
GDP (nominal) real change vs 2023
23.9% up from the baseline named below
Bachelor's+ vs 2019
35.7% national

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household (nominal)
$62,158 up from 2019 vs 2019
Per Capita
$33,965 up from 2019 vs 2019
Mean Household
$82,732 up from 2019 vs 2019
Median Household (cost-of-living adjusted)
$71,942 metro RPP 86.4
Poverty Rate
16% down from 2019 vs 2019
Median Income Comparison
Buchanan County$62,158
Missouri$70,702
National$80,734
Buchanan County is $8,544 (12.1%) below the Missouri median.
Cost-of-living adjustment uses the BEA all-items regional price parity for St. Joseph, MO-KS, 86.4 against a national average of 100 (2024). BEA publishes regional price parity at state and metropolitan level only; there is no county figure, so the metro index stands in for Buchanan County and the adjusted median is an approximation. Per capita and mean household income above are nominal and carry no adjustment.

Population Profile

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B01001, B02001, B03003
65+: 17.4% (14,577 residents) 55-64: 13.1% (10,959 residents) 35-54: 24.9% (20,832 residents) 18-34: 22.2% (18,556 residents) Under 18: 22.3% (18,644 residents) 39 Median Age
CohortsShare of total population
Under 18 · 22.3%
18-34 · 22.2%
35-54 · 24.9%
55-64 · 13.1%
65+ · 17.4%
Race & Ethnicity
White80.8%
Two or More Races8%
Black or African American5.8%
Some Other Race3.4%
Asian1.1%
American Indian and Alaska Native0.4%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander0.4%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)7.6%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
90.3%
High School+
National: 89.6%
up from national +0.7 pts vs national
23.9%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
down from national 11.8 pts vs national
7.7%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
down from national 6.4 pts vs national

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
83,568
Population
40,410
Labor Force
Employed
38,729
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2025 annual
4.2% up from 2024 +0.2 pts vs 2024
Mean Commute 9 min below national avg
17.8 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
7.3%
Labor Force and Employed are ACS 5-Year survey estimates; the Unemployment Rate above comes from BLS LAUS, a separate monthly survey with its own methodology. The two won't reconcile by subtracting one from the other.
Key Takeaways
  • Income gap: Households earn meaningfully less than the national median, which directly affects retail demand, housing absorption, and tax base.
  • Below the state median: Median household income runs $8,544 (12.1%) under the Missouri median, so statewide income averages overstate local household buying power.
  • Cost of living stretches income further: Local prices run 13.6% below the national average, so the nominal median of $62,158 is worth $71,942 at national average prices. BEA publishes price parity at metro level, not county level.
  • Elevated poverty: At 16%, the rate is in economically distressed territory and supports federal funding narratives (CDFI, NMTC, EDA).
  • Talent gap: Bachelor's-or-higher attainment trails the national average by 11.8 pts, relevant for advanced-services attraction strategy.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

$6.7B up from 2023 +2.2% vs 2023
Gross Domestic Product · 2024
+2.2% real (inflation-adjusted) · +4.7% nominal · 2023 to 2024
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis · level and nominal change from CAGDP2 (current dollars); real change from CAGDP9 (chained 2017 dollars), both all-industry total. The two series agree in 2017, the chain reference year, and diverge by the amount of price change since.
86.4
Cost of Living · metro · Below Avg

Top Private-Sector Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2024 Annual · Private sector only, with government shown below · 2025 is available but itemises 8 of the broad sectors against 10 for 2024, so the fuller year is shown
Top private-sector industries by employment in Buchanan County, Missouri, with employment, share of top sectors, and average wage. Government employment is excluded and reported separately below the table.
IndustryEmploymentShare of Top 10Avg Wage
1Manufacturing
11,858 31.7%
$72,900
2Health Care and Social Assistance
7,723 20.6%
$65,056
3Retail Trade
5,280 14.1%
$33,437
4Accommodation and Food Services
3,658 9.8%
$22,474
5Construction
2,157 5.8%
$90,775
6Transportation and Warehousing
1,746 4.7%
$56,433
7Wholesale Trade
1,593 4.3%
$73,044
8Administrative and Support and Waste Management
1,451 3.9%
$38,838
9Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
999 2.7%
$76,874
10Finance and Insurance
968 2.6%
$87,072
Government employment · context only
5,711

Public-sector jobs are not in the table above and are not part of any share or location quotient on this page. Both are measured on the private economy only, 40,131 private jobs in 2024: every location quotient divides by that total, and the Share of Top 10 column divides by the 10 sectors listed above. Private employment is the standard basis for measuring industry concentration because government employment mostly serves the resident population rather than an outside market. Nothing on this card is expected to add up with the government figure.

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Key Takeaways
  • Largest private-sector industry: Manufacturing employs 11,858 workers (31.7% of tracked sectors), at an average wage of $72,900. Every industry figure on this page is private sector; government employs a further 5,711 and is counted separately.
  • Economic scale: Regional GDP of $6.7B (2024).
  • Wage stratification: Construction averages $90,775 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $22,474, a 4.0x spread in the same local economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP.
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Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Location Quotient Analysis

Chart source: BLS QCEW · broad NAICS supersector · private sector · Location Quotient vs. national private-sector employment share. The same supersector axes appear on every profile, so the shape can be compared across counties.
Concentrated Industries
List source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · private sector · Location Quotient vs. national private-sector employment share.
Same source and same private-sector basis as the Top Industries table above. These sit at a finer level than the chart's supersector axes, so the two sets of values are not directly comparable. The sub-sector view surfaces specialization the supersector view masks, such as Food Manufacturing here.
Food Manufacturing
9.76x
5,218
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
6.48x
2,822
Chemical Manufacturing
5.33x
1,442
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
1.69x
535
Building Material and Garden Supply Retailers
1.60x
669
Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation
1.60x
263
Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods
1.55x
1,031
General Merchandise Retailers
1.50x
1,478

Cluster Depth

Source: BLS QCEW · Sub-sectors with LQ ≥ 1.5 indicate genuine cluster concentration
Concentrated Sub-Sectors
8 sub-sectors at LQ ≥ 1.5
Largest grouping among them is Manufacturing Cluster at 70.5% of the employment across all of them, which signals supply-chain fit for site selectors
13,458
Employment in the sub-sectors listed
9.76x
Peak sub-sector LQ
Sub-Sector Detail
Food Manufacturing
9.76x 5,218
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
6.48x 2,822
Chemical Manufacturing
5.33x 1,442
Gasoline Stations and Fuel Dealers
1.69x 535
Building Material and Garden Supply Retailers
1.60x 669
Transit and Ground Passenger Transportation
1.60x 263
Merchant Wholesalers, Nondurable Goods
1.55x 1,031
General Merchandise Retailers
1.50x 1,478

Attraction Opportunities

LQ < 0.5 with ≥ 50 employed, screened against local siting constraints. Source: BLS QCEW
0.17x
Educational Services
165 employed
0.18x
Accommodation
106 employed
0.25x
Securities, Commodity Contracts, Investments
83 employed
0.31x
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
999 employed
Screened on industrial power cost, rail-truck intermodal access, land base. Industrial electricity in Missouri costs 8.38¢/kWh against 8.62¢/kWh nationally (2025). Missouri has 5 rail-truck intermodal terminals, the nearest 39 miles from the county. Land area 408 sq mi, larger than 23% of US counties. Sources: EIA, BTS NTAD, Census Gazetteer.
Key Takeaways
  • Top specialization: Food Manufacturing concentrates at 9.76x the national norm, top-decile concentration, the kind of signature sector that defines a region's economic identity to site selectors.
  • Cluster depth: 8 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, but 70.5% of the employment across them depends on one source of demand: goods manufacturing. Read the count as depth within that single demand base rather than as spread across separate ones.
  • Attraction whitespace: 4 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5 with at least 50 employed, candidates for diversification or recruitment depending on labor-market fit.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Buchanan County's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of total private-sector employment across all NAICS supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2024 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064, B25004
$166,300 up from the baseline named below
Median Home Value vs 2019
$902 up from the baseline named below
Rent/Mo vs 2019
66.3% up from the baseline named below
Owner-Occ vs 2019
13.1% down from the baseline named below
Vacancy vs 2019
2.6% available
for rent or sale
2.7x
Home Value to Income Ratio - Affordable
vs. ~4.1x national average

HUD Fair Market Rents

HUD publishes these by FMR area, which may cover more than one county · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026 · Affordability threshold and renter cost burden from Census ACS B25119, B25070
Studio
$774/mo
1 Bedroom
$832/mo
2 Bedroom
$1,077/mo
3 Bedroom
$1,363/mo
4 Bedroom
$1,566/mo
30% of monthly median renter household income (~$882/mo, from a renter median of $35,271) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Measured: 46.3% of renter households already pay 30% or more of income on rent, and 24.4% pay 50% or more.
Key Takeaways
  • Affordable market: Home value to income ratio of 2.7x is well below the ~4.1x national average; supports talent attraction and family settlement narratives.
  • Elevated vacancy: 13.1% of housing units are vacant, above the Missouri rate of 11.2%, and down from 13.5% in 2019.
  • Vacancy composition: the largest vacancy category is other vacant at 63.2% of vacant units, with seasonal and recreational use at 5.3%.
  • Genuinely available supply: units listed for rent or for sale are 20.2% of the vacant stock, or 2.6% of all housing units against the 13.1% headline vacancy rate. Absorbable supply for an incoming employer is thin, and the gap between the two is the redevelopment and conversion opportunity.
  • Affordable rent tiers: 2 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom sizes sit below what a household on the median renter income of $35,271 can pay without cost burden (~$882/mo), and 46.3% of renter households are measured as cost-burdened.
Source: Census ACS housing tables + HUD Fair Market Rents.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23001, B23025, B08303, B08301
50,347 down from the baseline named below
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
Mean Commute 9 min below national avg
17.8 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
7.3%
Prime-Age Employed (25-54)
76.7%
of prime-age population
Prime-age rate numerator is civilian employed (B23001); the denominator is total population aged 25-54 (B01001), which also includes armed forces.
Labor force participation rate: 60.7%, the labor force as a share of the population aged 16 and over (ACS B23025) 61% Participation
of population age 16 and over (67,119)
unchanged from 2019 vs 2019

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
23.9% up from 2019 vs 2019
HS Diploma+
90.3% up from 2019 vs 2019
Institutions in Buchanan County
1 institution in Buchanan County reporting credentials to College Scorecard
Credentials awarded in Buchanan County
814/yr
Missouri Western State University 814/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
21.8%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Same cohort is 13.1% of total population, the basis used in the Demographics cohort chart.
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
30.8%
Service
17.5%
Sales & Office
21.1%
Construction / Maint.
7.9%
Production / Transport
22.7%
Bars are drawn on a 0% to 40% axis, so bar length is proportional to actual share. Labels give each group's share of 38,729 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
  • Healthy participation: 60.7% labor force participation reflects a steady, available local workforce.
  • Short commutes: 17.8-minute mean commute is a quality-of-life and labor-access advantage worth surfacing for site selectors.
  • Talent pipeline: 1 institution in Buchanan County awards 814 credentials a year. Employers drawing from a wider labor shed should read this alongside institutions outside the county, which this page does not aggregate.
Source: ACS workforce data and College Scorecard.

AI Insights

Sample output. Pulse AI analysis draws on 10 federal data sources.

Sample AI Insight

Buchanan County shows strong potential for food manufacturing attraction, with a 9.76x concentration and 5,218 jobs in this sub-sector. It ranks in the top decile nationally.

Most of the employment across the concentrated sub-sectors traces back to a single source of demand. Goods manufacturing accounts for 70.5% of it, with food manufacturing the largest single sub-sector at 38.8%. Recruitment that widens the demand base changes that exposure; recruitment inside the same base deepens it.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example

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Data Sources

Updated from official federal government data.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2024 annual
BLS LAUS2025 annual
BEA Regional GDP2024
BEA Regional Price Parity2024
Census CBP2023
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2024
USAspending.govFY2026
College ScorecardAY 2022-23

American Community Survey figures on this page are 2020-2024 five-year averages rather than single-year counts. A five-year estimate pools 60 months of survey responses, so each value describes the period as a whole.

Frequently Asked Questions

Key economic and demographic figures for Buchanan County, Missouri, from federal data sources.

What is the population of Buchanan County, Missouri?

83,568 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the median household income in Buchanan County, Missouri?

$62,158 in nominal dollars (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates). Adjusted for local prices using the BEA all-items regional price parity for St. Joseph, MO-KS (86.4 against a national average of 100), that is $71,942 at national average prices. BEA publishes regional price parity at metro level; there is no county-level figure.

What is the unemployment rate in Buchanan County, Missouri?

4.2% (2025 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).

What is the GDP of Buchanan County, Missouri?

$6.7B (U.S. Bureau of Economic Analysis, CAGDP2).