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Official Federal Data

Roanoke County, Virginia

Roanoke, VA · Population 97,023
10 Sources Updated August 12, 2026
$83,709 up from the baseline named below
Median Income (nominal) vs 2019
$80,734 national
3.1% up from the baseline named below
Unemployment vs 2024
4.3% national
48,781
Labor Force
37.1% up from the baseline named below
Bachelor's+ vs 2019
35.7% national

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household (nominal)
$83,709 up from 2019 vs 2019
Per Capita
$45,801 up from 2019 vs 2019
Mean Household
$108,750 up from 2019 vs 2019
Median Household (cost-of-living adjusted)
$89,433 metro RPP 93.6
Poverty Rate
7.3% up from 2019 vs 2019
Median Income Comparison
Roanoke County$83,709
Virginia$93,170
National$80,734
Roanoke County is $9,461 (10.2%) below the Virginia median, despite sitting above the national median.
Cost-of-living adjustment uses the BEA all-items regional price parity for Roanoke, VA, 93.6 against a national average of 100 (2024). BEA publishes regional price parity at state and metropolitan level only; there is no county figure, so the metro index stands in for Roanoke County and the adjusted median is an approximation. Per capita and mean household income above are nominal and carry no adjustment.

Population Profile

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B01001, B02001, B03003
65+: 22.1% (21,468 residents) 55-64: 13.7% (13,246 residents) 35-54: 25.5% (24,755 residents) 18-34: 19.1% (18,526 residents) Under 18: 19.6% (19,028 residents) 44 Median Age
CohortsShare of total population
Under 18 · 19.6%
18-34 · 19.1%
35-54 · 25.5%
55-64 · 13.7%
65+ · 22.1%
Race & Ethnicity
White83.3%
Black or African American6.5%
Two or More Races4.6%
Asian3.8%
Some Other Race1.4%
American Indian and Alaska Native0.3%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander0%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)4.1%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
94.5%
High School+
National: 89.6%
up from national +4.9 pts vs national
37.1%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
up from national +1.4 pts vs national
13%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
down from national 1.1 pts vs national

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
97,023
Population
48,781
Labor Force
Employed
47,103
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2025 annual
3.1% up from 2024 +0.4 pts vs 2024
Mean Commute 5 min below national avg
21.8 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
15.4%
Labor Force and Employed are ACS 5-Year survey estimates; the Unemployment Rate above comes from BLS LAUS, a separate monthly survey with its own methodology. The two won't reconcile by subtracting one from the other.
Key Takeaways
  • Income near the national median: Median household income tracks the national median, indicating a broad-based consumer market.
  • Below the state median: Median household income runs $9,461 (10.2%) under the Virginia median, so statewide income averages overstate local household buying power.
  • Cost of living stretches income further: Local prices run 6.4% below the national average, so the nominal median of $83,709 is worth $89,433 at national average prices. BEA publishes price parity at metro level, not county level.
  • Aging population: Median age of 44 is materially above the U.S. norm; succession planning and senior-services demand are real factors.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

Top Private-Sector Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2024 Annual · Private sector only, with government shown below · 2025 is available but itemises 8 of the broad sectors against 10 for 2024, so the fuller year is shown
Top private-sector industries by employment in Roanoke County, Virginia, with employment, share of top sectors, and average wage. Government employment is excluded and reported separately below the table.
IndustryEmploymentShare of Top 10Avg Wage
1Health Care and Social Assistance
5,463 19.8%
$58,416
2Retail Trade
4,390 15.9%
$36,606
3Manufacturing
4,294 15.6%
$66,836
4Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
3,144 11.4%
$67,647
5Accommodation and Food Services
2,978 10.8%
$24,302
6Administrative and Support and Waste Management
2,293 8.3%
$38,622
7Construction
1,627 5.9%
$68,098
8Transportation and Warehousing
1,240 4.5%
$62,899
9Finance and Insurance
1,118 4.1%
$96,572
10Other Services (except Public Administration)
1,046 3.8%
$38,883
Government employment · context only
5,228

Public-sector jobs are not in the table above and are not part of any share or location quotient on this page. Both are measured on the private economy only, 32,217 private jobs in 2024: every location quotient divides by that total, and the Share of Top 10 column divides by the 10 sectors listed above. Private employment is the standard basis for measuring industry concentration because government employment mostly serves the resident population rather than an outside market. Nothing on this card is expected to add up with the government figure.

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Key Takeaways
  • Largest private-sector industry: Health Care and Social Assistance employs 5,463 workers (19.8% of tracked sectors), at an average wage of $58,416. Every industry figure on this page is private sector; government employs a further 5,228 and is counted separately.
  • Wage stratification: Finance and Insurance averages $96,572 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $24,302, a 4.0x spread in the same local economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW.
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Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Location Quotient Analysis

Chart source: BLS QCEW · broad NAICS supersector · private sector · Location Quotient vs. national private-sector employment share. The same supersector axes appear on every profile, so the shape can be compared across counties.
Concentrated Industries
List source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · private sector · Location Quotient vs. national private-sector employment share.
Same source and same private-sector basis as the Top Industries table above. These sit at a finer level than the chart's supersector axes, so the two sets of values are not directly comparable. The sub-sector view surfaces specialization the supersector view masks, such as Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing here.
Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing
3.60x
364
Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing
2.86x
710
Nursing and Residential Care Facilities
2.53x
2,036
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
1.88x
658
Internet Publishing and Broadcasting
1.56x
130
Truck Transportation
1.50x
551

Cluster Depth

Source: BLS QCEW · Sub-sectors with LQ ≥ 1.5 indicate genuine cluster concentration
Concentrated Sub-Sectors
6 sub-sectors at LQ ≥ 1.5
Largest grouping among them is Health Care & Social Assistance Cluster at 45.8% of the employment across all of them, which signals supply-chain fit for site selectors
4,449
Employment in the sub-sectors listed
3.60x
Peak sub-sector LQ
Sub-Sector Detail
Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing
3.60x 364
Computer and Electronic Product Manufacturing
2.86x 710
Nursing and Residential Care Facilities
2.53x 2,036
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
1.88x 658
Internet Publishing and Broadcasting
1.56x 130
Truck Transportation
1.50x 551

Attraction Opportunities

LQ < 0.5 with ≥ 50 employed, screened against local siting constraints. Source: BLS QCEW
0.15x
Food Manufacturing
66 employed
Freight-dependent sector, nearest rail-truck intermodal terminal 152 miles away.
0.30x
Publishing Industries and Telecommunications
66 employed
0.36x
Miscellaneous Manufacturing
53 employed
0.48x
Securities, Commodity Contracts, Investments
125 employed
Screened on industrial power cost, rail-truck intermodal access, land base. Industrial electricity in Virginia costs 9.45¢/kWh against 8.62¢/kWh nationally (2025). Virginia has 7 rail-truck intermodal terminals, the nearest 152 miles from the county. Land area 251 sq mi, larger than 10% of US counties. Sources: EIA, BTS NTAD, Census Gazetteer.
Key Takeaways
  • Top specialization: Nonmetallic Mineral Product Manufacturing concentrates at 3.60x the national norm, strong concentration that anchors the local economy and supports supply-chain attraction strategy.
  • Cluster depth: 6 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, and no single source of demand accounts for more than 45.8% of the employment across them, the largest being health care economy. Demand reaches this base from more than one market rather than from a single one.
  • Attraction whitespace: 4 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5 with at least 50 employed, candidates for diversification or recruitment depending on labor-market fit.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Roanoke County's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of total private-sector employment across all NAICS supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2024 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064, B25004
$286,000 up from the baseline named below
Median Home Value vs 2019
$1,224 up from the baseline named below
Rent/Mo vs 2019
75.7% up from the baseline named below
Owner-Occ vs 2019
6.2% down from the baseline named below
Vacancy vs 2019
2% available
for rent or sale
3.4x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average

HUD Fair Market Rents

HUD publishes these by FMR area, which may cover more than one county · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026 · Affordability threshold and renter cost burden from Census ACS B25119, B25070
Studio
$1,004/mo
1 Bedroom
$1,053/mo
2 Bedroom
$1,254/mo
3 Bedroom
$1,743/mo
4 Bedroom
$2,104/mo
30% of monthly median renter household income (~$1,369/mo, from a renter median of $54,759) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Measured: 39.9% of renter households already pay 30% or more of income on rent, and 15.6% pay 50% or more.
Key Takeaways
  • In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 3.4x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
  • High home ownership: 75.7% owner-occupied; rental supply may be tight for incoming workers.
  • Affordable rent tiers: 3 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom sizes sit below what a household on the median renter income of $54,759 can pay without cost burden (~$1,369/mo), and 39.9% of renter households are measured as cost-burdened.
Source: Census ACS housing tables + HUD Fair Market Rents.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23001, B23025, B08303, B08301
56,527 up from the baseline named below
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
Mean Commute 5 min below national avg
21.8 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
15.4%
Prime-Age Employed (25-54)
82.1%
of prime-age population
Prime-age rate numerator is civilian employed (B23001); the denominator is total population aged 25-54 (B01001), which also includes armed forces.
Labor force participation rate: 60.9%, the labor force as a share of the population aged 16 and over (ACS B23025) 61% Participation
of population age 16 and over (80,137)
unchanged from 2019 vs 2019

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
37.1% up from 2019 vs 2019
HS Diploma+
94.5% up from 2019 vs 2019
Institutions in Roanoke County
1 institution in Roanoke County reporting credentials to College Scorecard
Credentials awarded in Roanoke County
233/yr
Hollins University 233/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
23.4%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Same cohort is 13.7% of total population, the basis used in the Demographics cohort chart.
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
46.3%
Service
15.5%
Sales & Office
20.3%
Construction / Maint.
5.1%
Production / Transport
12.7%
Bars are drawn on a 0% to 60% axis, so bar length is proportional to actual share. Labels give each group's share of 47,103 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
  • Succession risk is real: 23.4% of working-age residents are 55-64. Plan for retirements over the next decade and pair attraction strategy with talent retention.
  • Healthy participation: 60.9% labor force participation reflects a steady, available local workforce.
  • Short commutes: 21.8-minute mean commute is a quality-of-life and labor-access advantage worth surfacing for site selectors.
  • Talent pipeline: 1 institution in Roanoke County awards 233 credentials a year. Employers drawing from a wider labor shed should read this alongside institutions outside the county, which this page does not aggregate.
Source: ACS workforce data and College Scorecard.

AI Insights

Sample output. Pulse AI analysis draws on 10 federal data sources.

Sample AI Insight

Roanoke County shows meaningful potential for nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing attraction, with a 3.60x concentration and 364 jobs in this sub-sector. Near-term succession risk is elevated, with 23.4% of the working-age population within 10 years of retirement age.

The concentrated base spans nonmetallic mineral product manufacturing, computer and electronic product manufacturing, and nursing and residential care facilities, and no single source of demand accounts for more than 45.8% of the employment across them, the largest being health care economy. Supply-chain recruitment has more than one demand base to work from.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example

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Data Sources

Updated from official federal government data.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2024 annual
BLS LAUS2025 annual
BEA Regional GDP2024
BEA Regional Price Parity2024
Census CBP2023
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2024
USAspending.govFY2026
College ScorecardAY 2022-23

American Community Survey figures on this page are 2020-2024 five-year averages rather than single-year counts. A five-year estimate pools 60 months of survey responses, so each value describes the period as a whole.

Frequently Asked Questions

Key economic and demographic figures for Roanoke County, Virginia, from federal data sources.

What is the population of Roanoke County, Virginia?

97,023 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the median household income in Roanoke County, Virginia?

$83,709 in nominal dollars (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates). Adjusted for local prices using the BEA all-items regional price parity for Roanoke, VA (93.6 against a national average of 100), that is $89,433 at national average prices. BEA publishes regional price parity at metro level; there is no county-level figure.

What is the unemployment rate in Roanoke County, Virginia?

3.1% (2025 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).