ExecutivePulse
Official Federal Data

Fairfax County, Virginia

Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV · Population 1,147,837
10 Sources Updated August 12, 2026
$153,637 up from the baseline named below
Median Income (nominal) vs 2019
$80,734 national
3.2% up from the baseline named below
Unemployment vs 2024
4.3% national
649,445
Labor Force
65% up from the baseline named below
Bachelor's+ vs 2019
35.7% national

Demographics & Population

Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates

Household Income

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household (nominal)
$153,637 up from 2019 vs 2019
Per Capita
$71,828 up from 2019 vs 2019
Mean Household
$195,941 up from 2019 vs 2019
Median Household (cost-of-living adjusted)
$141,081 metro RPP 108.9
Poverty Rate
5.9% down from 2019 vs 2019
Median Income Comparison
Fairfax County$153,637
Virginia$93,170
National$80,734
Cost-of-living adjustment uses the BEA all-items regional price parity for Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV, 108.9 against a national average of 100 (2024). BEA publishes regional price parity at state and metropolitan level only; there is no county figure, so the metro index stands in for Fairfax County and the adjusted median is an approximation. Per capita and mean household income above are nominal and carry no adjustment.

Population Profile

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B01001, B02001, B03003
65+: 15% (171,935 residents) 55-64: 12.5% (143,180 residents) 35-54: 28.3% (325,314 residents) 18-34: 21.4% (245,098 residents) Under 18: 22.9% (262,310 residents) 39 Median Age
CohortsShare of total population
Under 18 · 22.9%
18-34 · 21.4%
35-54 · 28.3%
55-64 · 12.5%
65+ · 15%
Race & Ethnicity
White49.1%
Asian19.9%
Two or More Races13.4%
Black or African American9.6%
Some Other Race7.3%
American Indian and Alaska Native0.5%
Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islander0%
Hispanic or Latino(any race)17.6%
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.

Educational Attainment

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
93.2%
High School+
National: 89.6%
up from national +3.6 pts vs national
65%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
up from national +29.3 pts vs national
33%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
up from national +18.9 pts vs national

Employment Overview

Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
1,147,837
Population
649,445
Labor Force
Employed
610,160
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2025 annual
3.2% up from 2024 +0.6 pts vs 2024
Mean Commute 2 min above national avg
28.9 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
28.7%
Labor Force and Employed are ACS 5-Year survey estimates; the Unemployment Rate above comes from BLS LAUS, a separate monthly survey with its own methodology. The two won't reconcile by subtracting one from the other.
Key Takeaways
  • Income premium: Households earn well above the national median, supporting strong retail and housing markets.
  • Cost of living erodes income: Local prices run 8.9% above the national average, so the nominal median of $153,637 is worth $141,081 at national average prices. BEA publishes price parity at metro level, not county level.
  • Talent advantage: Bachelor's-or-higher attainment exceeds the national average by 29.3 pts, supports knowledge-economy and tech attraction.

Economy & Industry

Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis

Top Private-Sector Industries by Employment

Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics · Quarterly Census of Employment & Wages 2025 Annual · Private sector only, with government shown below
Top private-sector industries by employment in Fairfax County, Virginia, with employment, share of top sectors, and average wage. Government employment is excluded and reported separately below the table.
IndustryEmploymentShare of Top 10Avg Wage
1Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
154,006 31.7%
$166,759
2Health Care and Social Assistance
75,707 15.6%
$81,975
3Retail Trade
49,306 10.1%
$51,509
4Administrative and Support and Waste Management
45,451 9.3%
$92,773
5Accommodation and Food Services
44,087 9.1%
$35,332
6Construction
26,559 5.5%
$102,667
7Finance and Insurance
25,726 5.3%
$187,330
8Management of Companies and Enterprises
24,482 5.0%
$218,115
9Information
22,130 4.6%
$191,309
10Other Services (except Public Administration)
18,879 3.9%
$68,113
Government employment · context only
86,274

Public-sector jobs are not in the table above and are not part of any share or location quotient on this page. Both are measured on the private economy only, 548,133 private jobs in 2025: every location quotient divides by that total, and the Share of Top 10 column divides by the 10 sectors listed above. Private employment is the standard basis for measuring industry concentration because government employment mostly serves the resident population rather than an outside market. Nothing on this card is expected to add up with the government figure.

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Key Takeaways
  • Largest private-sector industry: Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services employs 154,006 workers (31.7% of tracked sectors), at an average wage of $166,759. Every industry figure on this page is private sector; government employs a further 86,274 and is counted separately.
  • Wage stratification: Management of Companies and Enterprises averages $218,115 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $35,332, a 6.2x spread in the same local economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW.
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Industry Concentration

Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.

Location Quotient Analysis

Chart source: BLS QCEW · broad NAICS supersector · private sector · Location Quotient vs. national private-sector employment share. The same supersector axes appear on every profile, so the shape can be compared across counties.
Concentrated Industries
List source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector · private sector · Location Quotient vs. national private-sector employment share.
Same source and same private-sector basis as the Top Industries table above. These sit at a finer level than the chart's supersector axes, so the two sets of values are not directly comparable. The sub-sector view surfaces specialization the supersector view masks, such as Computing Infrastructure Providers and Data Processing here.
Computing Infrastructure Providers and Data Processing
5.41x
10,789
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
3.48x
154,006
Management of Companies and Enterprises
2.28x
24,482
Private Households
2.20x
1,860
Telecommunications
1.88x
4,605
Credit Intermediation and Related Activities
1.77x
18,630
Furniture, Home Furnishings, and Other Retailers
1.63x
5,156

Cluster Depth

Source: BLS QCEW · Sub-sectors with LQ ≥ 1.5 indicate genuine cluster concentration
Concentrated Sub-Sectors
7 sub-sectors at LQ ≥ 1.5
Largest grouping among them is Professional, Scientific & Technical Services Cluster at 70.2% of the employment across all of them, which signals supply-chain fit for site selectors
219,528
Employment in the sub-sectors listed
5.41x
Peak sub-sector LQ
Sub-Sector Detail
Computing Infrastructure Providers and Data Processing
5.41x 10,789
Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services
3.48x 154,006
Management of Companies and Enterprises
2.28x 24,482
Private Households
2.20x 1,860
Telecommunications
1.88x 4,605
Credit Intermediation and Related Activities
1.77x 18,630
Furniture, Home Furnishings, and Other Retailers
1.63x 5,156

Attraction Opportunities

LQ < 0.5 with ≥ 50 employed, screened against local siting constraints. Source: BLS QCEW
0.03x
Transportation Equipment Manufacturing
208 employed
0.03x
Air Transportation
69 employed
0.04x
Electrical Equipment, Appliance Manufacturing
74 employed
0.06x
Fabricated Metal Product Manufacturing
325 employed
Screened on industrial power cost, rail-truck intermodal access, land base. Industrial electricity in Virginia costs 9.45¢/kWh against 8.62¢/kWh nationally (2025). Virginia has 7 rail-truck intermodal terminals, the nearest 50 miles from the county. Land area 391 sq mi, larger than 20% of US counties. Sources: EIA, BTS NTAD, Census Gazetteer.
Key Takeaways
  • Top specialization: Computing Infrastructure Providers and Data Processing concentrates at 5.41x the national norm, top-decile concentration, the kind of signature sector that defines a region's economic identity to site selectors.
  • Cluster depth: 7 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, but 81.3% of the employment across them depends on one source of demand: business and professional services. Read the count as depth within that single demand base rather than as spread across separate ones.
  • Attraction whitespace: 4 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5 with at least 50 employed, candidates for diversification or recruitment depending on labor-market fit.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Fairfax County's Top Sectors by Workforce Share
Each rectangle's area is proportional to that sector's share of total private-sector employment across all NAICS supersectors. Hover for exact employment.
Source: Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW 2025 Annual · Private sector, NAICS supersectors

Housing & Affordability

Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026

Housing Overview

Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064, B25004
$732,800 up from the baseline named below
Median Home Value vs 2019
$2,276 up from the baseline named below
Rent/Mo vs 2019
68.6% up from the baseline named below
Owner-Occ vs 2019
3.7% down from the baseline named below
Vacancy vs 2019
1.7% available
for rent or sale
4.8x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average

HUD Fair Market Rents

HUD publishes these by FMR area, which may cover more than one county · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026 · Affordability threshold and renter cost burden from Census ACS B25119, B25070
Studio
$1,953/mo
1 Bedroom
$2,015/mo
2 Bedroom
$2,246/mo
3 Bedroom
$2,835/mo
4 Bedroom
$3,332/mo
30% of monthly median renter household income (~$2,414/mo, from a renter median of $96,555) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Measured: 43.8% of renter households already pay 30% or more of income on rent, and 20.5% pay 50% or more.
Key Takeaways
  • In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 4.8x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
  • Affordable rent tiers: 3 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom sizes sit below what a household on the median renter income of $96,555 can pay without cost burden (~$2,414/mo), and 43.8% of renter households are measured as cost-burdened.
Source: Census ACS housing tables + HUD Fair Market Rents.

Workforce Pipeline

Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition

Labor Market Overview

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23001, B23025, B08303, B08301
713,592 down from the baseline named below
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
Mean Commute 2 min above national avg
28.9 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
28.7%
Prime-Age Employed (25-54)
84.5%
of prime-age population
Prime-age rate numerator is civilian employed (B23001); the denominator is total population aged 25-54 (B01001), which also includes armed forces.
Labor force participation rate: 70.8%, the labor force as a share of the population aged 16 and over (ACS B23025) 71% Participation
of population age 16 and over (917,253)
down from 2019 vs 2019

Education & Talent Pipeline

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
65% up from 2019 vs 2019
HS Diploma+
93.2% up from 2019 vs 2019
Institutions in Fairfax County
Largest 6 of 9 by credentials awarded, in Fairfax County
Credentials awarded in Fairfax County
20,062/yr
George Mason University 10,335/yr
Northern Virginia Community College 9,087/yr
Standard Healthcare Services-College of Nursing 260/yr
Chamberlain University-Virginia 141/yr
The Esthetic Institute 120/yr
Northern Virginia School of Therapeutic Massage 119/yr

Aging Workforce

Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
20.1%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Same cohort is 12.5% of total population, the basis used in the Demographics cohort chart.
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.

Workforce by Occupation

Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
63.2%
Service
12.9%
Sales & Office
14.2%
Construction / Maint.
4.5%
Production / Transport
5.2%
Bars are drawn on a 0% to 80% axis, so bar length is proportional to actual share. Labels give each group's share of 610,160 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
  • Healthy participation: 70.8% labor force participation reflects a steady, available local workforce.
  • Talent pipeline: the 6 largest of 9 institutions in Fairfax County award 20,062 credentials a year. Employers drawing from a wider labor shed should read this alongside institutions outside the county, which this page does not aggregate.
Source: ACS workforce data and College Scorecard.

AI Insights

Sample output. Pulse AI analysis draws on 10 federal data sources.

Sample AI Insight

Fairfax County shows strong potential for computing infrastructure providers and data processing attraction, with a 5.41x concentration and 10,789 jobs in this sub-sector. It ranks in the top decile nationally.

Most of the employment across the concentrated sub-sectors traces back to a single source of demand. Business and professional services accounts for 81.3% of it, with professional, scientific, and technical services the largest single sub-sector at 70.2%. Recruitment that widens the demand base changes that exposure; recruitment inside the same base deepens it.

Industry Shift Analysis

Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100

Prospect Match Scores

Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example

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Data Sources

Updated from official federal government data.

Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025 annual
BLS LAUS2025 annual
BEA Regional GDP2024
BEA Regional Price Parity2024
Census CBP2023
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
FCC Broadband Map2024
USAspending.govFY2026
College ScorecardAY 2022-23

American Community Survey figures on this page are 2020-2024 five-year averages rather than single-year counts. A five-year estimate pools 60 months of survey responses, so each value describes the period as a whole.

Frequently Asked Questions

Key economic and demographic figures for Fairfax County, Virginia, from federal data sources.

What is the population of Fairfax County, Virginia?

1,147,837 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).

What is the median household income in Fairfax County, Virginia?

$153,637 in nominal dollars (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates). Adjusted for local prices using the BEA all-items regional price parity for Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV (108.9 against a national average of 100), that is $141,081 at national average prices. BEA publishes regional price parity at metro level; there is no county-level figure.

What is the unemployment rate in Fairfax County, Virginia?

3.2% (2025 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).