AZ
Arizona
Population 7,378,838
6 Sources
Updated September 10, 2026
7.4M
Population
334,922,499 U.S.
$79,964
Median Income
$80,734 national
$570.1B
GDP (current $), change real
3.7%
Unemployment
4.0% national
County Map
Click a county to view its economic profile
Demographics & Population
Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 · 5-Year Estimates
Household Income
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
Median Household
$79,964
Per Capita
$42,503
Mean Household
$108,273
Poverty Rate
12.5%
Age & Race / Ethnicity
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B01001, B02001, B03003
Cohorts
Under 18 · 21.6%
18-34 · 23.2%
35-54 · 24.3%
55-64 · 12%
65+ · 18.9%
Race & Ethnicity
Hispanic or Latino is an ethnic category and overlaps with the race categories above.
Educational Attainment
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · Population 25+
89.4%
High School+
National: 89.6%
0.2 pts
33.3%
Bachelor's+
National: 35.7%
2.4 pts
13%
Graduate+
National: 14.1%
1.1 pts
Employment Overview
Source: U.S. Census Bureau · American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates
7,378,838
Population
3,598,840
Labor Force
Employed
3,415,601
Unemployment Rate BLS LAUS 2024 annual
3.7%
2025 is not shown for Arizona: a state annual average needs all 12 months and the Bureau of Labor Statistics has published 11. County pages draw on the separate annual series and may show 2025.
Mean Commute 1 min below national avg
25.4 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
18.4%
Labor Force and Employed are ACS 5-Year survey estimates; the Unemployment Rate above comes from BLS LAUS, a separate monthly survey with its own methodology. The two won't reconcile by subtracting one from the other.
Arizona's median household income sits 1% below the national median. At 12.5%, its poverty rate runs 0.0 pts below the ~12.5% national level, relevant for federal funding eligibility narratives. Bachelor's-or-higher attainment of 33.3% trails the national average of 35.7%.
Source: U.S. Census Bureau American Community Survey 2020-2024 5-Year Estimates (released December 2025). Figures reflect the most recent Census release, older news reports may cite prior vintages.
Key Takeaways
- Income near the national median: Median household income tracks the national median, indicating a broad-based consumer market.
- Broadly in line with U.S. norms across income, poverty, education, and age.
Economy & Industry
Bureau of Labor Statistics QCEW · Bureau of Economic Analysis
$570.1B
Gross Domestic Product · 2024
Source: Bureau of Economic Analysis · CAGDP2 Regional GDP
100.677
Cost of Living - Above Avg
Key Takeaways
- Largest private-sector industry: Health Care and Social Assistance employs 476,495 workers (19.8% of the tracked sectors), at an average wage of $68,877. Every industry figure on this page is private sector; government employs a further 408,115 and is counted separately.
- Economic scale: State GDP of $570.1B (2024).
- Wage stratification: Professional, Scientific, and Technical Services averages $111,906 while Accommodation and Food Services averages $32,179, a 3.5x spread in the same economy, with implications for workforce development and talent strategy.
Source: BLS QCEW + BEA Regional GDP (CAGDP2).
Industry Concentration
Location Quotient measures regional specialization vs. national average. LQ > 1.0 = concentrated.
Attraction Opportunities - Below-Average Industries
LQ < 0.5, below-average employment, screened against industrial power cost. Source: BLS QCEW · 3-digit NAICS sub-sector
0.02x
Oil and Gas Extraction
61 employed
0.13x
Textile Mills
220 employed
0.13x
Petroleum and Coal Products Manufacturing
297 employed
0.14x
Support Activities for Mining
786 employed
0.19x
Monetary Authorities - Central Bank
83 employed
0.32x
Leather and Allied Product Manufacturing
162 employed
0.33x
Apparel Manufacturing
544 employed
0.36x
Paper Manufacturing
2,723 employed
Screened on industrial power cost only.
Industrial electricity in Arizona costs 8.1¢/kWh against 8.62¢/kWh nationally (2025).
Land area and freight access are not assessed at state level.
Source: EIA.
Key Takeaways
- Top specialization: Mining (except Oil and Gas) concentrates at 3.69x the national norm, strong concentration that anchors the local economy.
- Cluster depth: 3 sub-sectors register LQ ≥ 1.5, suggesting an interconnected industrial base across the state.
- Attraction whitespace: 8 sub-sectors register LQ < 0.5, candidates for diversification or recruitment.
Source: BLS QCEW sub-sector Location Quotients.
Housing & Affordability
Census ACS · HUD Fair Market Rents FY2026
Housing Overview
Source: Census Bureau ACS 2024 5-Year Estimates · Tables B25001, B25077, B25064
$394,500
Median Home Value vs 2019
$1,543
Rent/Mo
67.4%
Owner-Occ
10.5%
Vacancy
4.9x
Home Value to Income Ratio
vs. ~4.1x national average
HUD Fair Market Rents (Statewide)
Renter-household-weighted average across 15 Fair Market Rent areas · Source: HUD · Fair Market Rents FY2026 · Affordability threshold and renter cost burden from Census ACS B25119, B25070
Studio
$1,320/mo$778 to $1,597
1 Bedroom
$1,439/mo$860 to $1,727
2 Bedroom
$1,709/mo$1,129 to $1,921
3 Bedroom
$2,293/mo$1,388 to $2,452
4 Bedroom
$2,564/mo$1,615 to $2,720
30% of monthly median renter household income (~$1,442/mo, from a renter median of $57,682) · rents above this line are typically considered cost-burdened.
Measured: 48% of renter households already pay 30% or more of income on rent, and 23% pay 50% or more.
Key Takeaways
- In line with national: Home value to income ratio of 4.9x sits near the ~4.1x national average; affordability is neither a clear advantage nor a recruitment friction.
- Elevated vacancy: 10.5% vacancy rate; potential redevelopment opportunity.
- Affordable rent tiers: 2 of 5 HUD Fair Market Rent bedroom sizes sit below what a household on the median renter income of $57,682 can pay without cost burden (~$1,442/mo), and 48% of renter households are measured as cost-burdened.
Source: Census ACS housing tables.
Workforce Pipeline
Labor force readiness, commuting, and workforce composition
Labor Market Overview
Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Tables B01001, B23025, B08303, B08301
4,386,911
Working Age (18-64) vs 2019
vs 2019
Mean Commute 1 min below national avg
25.4 min
Work From Home vs 15.1% national
18.4%
Education & Talent Pipeline
Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table B15003 · College Scorecard
Bachelor's+
33.3%
HS Diploma+
89.4%
6 Largest Institutions by Credentials Awarded
Degrees, certificates, and other credentials awarded last academic year (College Scorecard).
29,319/yr
26,013/yr
20,988/yr
14,649/yr
11,858/yr
9,522/yr
Aging Workforce
Source: Census Bureau ACS · Derived from age & employment tables
20.1%
55-64 of working-age population (18-64)
Same cohort is 12% of total population, the basis used in the Demographics cohort chart.
Elevated retirement risk, above the 20% threshold. Succession planning recommended.
Workforce by Occupation
Source: Census ACS 2020-2024 · Table C24010 · Civilian employed population 16+
Management / Professional
41.4%
Service
16.9%
Sales & Office
21.9%
Construction / Maint.
8.9%
Production / Transport
11%
Bars are drawn on a 0% to 60% axis, so bar length is proportional to actual share. Labels give each group's share of 3,415,601 employed workers.
Key Takeaways
- Healthy participation: 62.6% of the population aged 18+ is in the labor force, reflecting a steady, available workforce statewide.
Source: ACS workforce data.
County Profiles
15 counties in Arizona
Apache County
FIPS 04001
Cochise County
FIPS 04003
Coconino County
FIPS 04005
Gila County
FIPS 04007
Graham County
FIPS 04009
Greenlee County
FIPS 04011
La Paz County
FIPS 04012
Maricopa County
FIPS 04013
Mohave County
FIPS 04015
Navajo County
FIPS 04017
Pima County
FIPS 04019
Pinal County
FIPS 04021
Santa Cruz County
FIPS 04023
Yavapai County
FIPS 04025
Yuma County
FIPS 04027
AI Insights
Sample output. Pulse AI analysis draws on 6 federal data sources.
Sample AI Insight
Arizona shows meaningful potential for mining (except oil and gas) attraction, with a 3.69x concentration and 14,701 jobs in this sub-sector.
Cluster depth across mining (except oil and gas), credit intermediation and related activities, and computer and electronic product manufacturing creates supply-chain attraction leverage, a structural advantage for industrial recruitment.
Industry Shift Analysis
Manufacturing Automation Risk
High
Healthcare Growth Forecast
+4.2% CAGR
Remote Work Migration
67/100
Prospect Match Scores
Advanced Manufacturing
92/100
Life Sciences
84/100
Data Centers
71/100
Illustrative example
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Data Sources
Updated from official federal government data.
Census ACS 5-Year2024
BLS QCEW2025
BEA Regional GDP2024
Census CBP2024
HUD Fair Market RentsFY2026
USAspending.govFY2026
Frequently Asked Questions
Key economic and demographic figures for Arizona, from federal data sources.
What is the population of Arizona?
7,378,838 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).
What is the median household income in Arizona?
$79,964 (U.S. Census Bureau, ACS 5-Year Estimates).
What is the unemployment rate in Arizona?
3.7% (2024 annual average, U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, LAUS).
What is the GDP of Arizona?
$570.1B (BEA CAGDP2 (Regional)).
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